When sexually mature, the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii emerges at night from its tube and swims to the surface in search of a mate. Developing from the immature atoke to …
Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a genotype to produce different phenotypes in response to environmental conditions, plays a crucial role in adaptation and evolution and can …
Sea urchins can detect light and move in relation to luminous stimuli despite lacking eyes. They presumably detect light through photoreceptor cells distributed on their body …
Spatial vision was recently reported in a brittle star, Ophiomastix wendtii, which lacks discrete eyes, but little is known about its visual ecology. Our aim was to better …
Almost all animals can sense light, but only those with spatial vision can ‘‘see.’’ Conventionally, this was restricted to animals possessing discrete visual organs (eyes), but …
How well can a bird discriminate between two red berries on a green background? The absolute threshold of colour discrimination is set by photoreceptor noise, but animals do not …
Millipedes are a species-rich and ancient arthropod clade which typically bear a pair of lateral compound eyes with a small number of large facets. To understand the visual tasks …
For polarized light to inform behaviour, the typical range of degrees of polarization observable in the animal's natural environment must be above the threshold for detection and …
Many sea urchins can detect light on their body surface and some species are reported to possess image-resolving vision. Here, we measure the spatial resolution of vision in the …
Skip to Next Section Onychophorans, also known as velvet worms, possess a pair of simple lateral eyes, and are a key lineage with regard to the evolution of vision. They resemble …